Spații verzi urbane în sprijinul calității vieții populației
Keywords:
urban green spaces, benefits of green spaces, RomaniaAbstract
The creation of urban green spaces to improve the quality of life of the populationis highlighted in the literature and in international and national documents. This study presents the situation of the urban green space in Romania, a component of the natural environment of the city, of the urban infrastructure and a favorable element of the quality of life of the population. In this sense, the dynamics of green space surfaces in the period 2010−2019 and the green space surface belonging to an inhabitant in 2019 were analyzed, at national and city level, given the shortage of green areas, as a result (and) of their decline after1990, as well as the minimum norm provided by the Romanian legislation in force of 26 square meters of green space per capita. Also, the role and benefits of the presence of urban green spaces for the environment, communities and quality of life were shown, the current urban policies for ensuring green space in Romanian localities, as well the appreciation of urban green by the population in Romanian cities compared to European cities. In the elaboration of the paper were used statistical data from sources such as the National Institute of Statistics, the Environment Fund Administration, the European Commission and the United Nations and specialized papers were consulted, as well as strategic and legislative documents.
Downloads
References
Administrația Fondului pentru Mediu, Spaţii verzi/Proiecte finalizate, 2008−2018, disponibil la https://www.afm.ro/spatii-verzi-proiecte-finalizate.php, 2008−2018.
Agenţia Naţională pentru Protecţia Mediului (ANPM), Raport privind starea mediului în România – Anul 2019. Bucureşti, 2020.
Astell-Burt, T., Feng, X., Mavoa, S. et al., Do low-income neighbourhoods have the least greenspace? A cross-sectional study of Australia’s most populous cities. BMC Public Health, 14, 292, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-292, 2014.
Baycan-Levent, T. și Nijcamp, P., Urban Green Space Policies: A Comparative Study on Performance and Success Coditions in European Cities. 44th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: „Regions and Fiscal Federalism”, 25th−29th August, Porto, Portugal, European Regional Science Association (ERSA), Louvain-la-Neuve, 2004.
Birčiakova, N., Stávková, J. și Straka, J., Factors influencing living standards in the EU. Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference „Economic science for rural development” no. 40, Jelgava, LLU ESAF, pp. 170−175, 2015.
Chiriac, D., Humă, C. și Stanciu, M., Spațiile verzi – o problemă a urbanizării actuale. Calitatea Vieții, XX, nr. 3−4, pp. 249−270, 2008.
Chiriac, D. şi Humă, C., Presiunea antropică asupra spaţiului verde urban – risc ecologic major pentru calitatea vieţii populaţiei. Raport de cercetare, Institutul de Cercetare a Calităţii Vieţii, Bucureşti, 2008.
Epurescu, V., Observator astronomic, liceu extins și spații verzi la Odobești. Regio, 69, august, 2019.
European Commission (EC), Urban Agenda for the EU. Pact of Amsterdam. Disponibil la https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/content/pact-amsterdam, 2016.
European Commission (EC), Quality of life in European Cties 2015. Flash Eurobarometer 419. Luxembourg, 2016.
European Commission, Perception Survey on the Quality of Life (QoL) in European Cities 2019. The results of the survey agreggated per city, disponibil la https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/en/information/maps/quality_of_life, 2019.
European Commission (EC), Environment. European Green Capital. Winning Cities, disponibil la ec.europa.eu/environment/europeangreencapital/winning-cities, f.a.
European Commission (EC), Environment. Green Infrastructure, disponibil la http://e.europa.eu/environment/nature/ecisystems/index_en.html, f.a.
European Commission, United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) (EC, UNHSP), The State of European Cities 2016. Cities leading the way to a better future. Luxembourg, 2016.
European Union, European Green Capital 2018. Good Practice Report. Doi: 10.2779/705653, 2016.
Fam, D., Morison, J., Lopes, A. M. și Connellan, G. J., Irrigation of Urban Green Spaces: a review of the Environmental, Social and Economic Benefits. Cooperative Research Centre for Irrigation Futures. Technical Report No. 04/08, 2008.
Fan, Y., Das, K. V. și Chen, Q., Neighborhood green, special support, physical activity and stress: Assessing the cumulative impact. Health & Place, 17, pp. 1202−1211,disponibil la
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.08.008, 2011.
Frumkin, H., Urban Sprawland Public Health. Public Health Reports, 117, pp. 201−17. DOI: 10.1093/phr/117.3.201, 2002.
Frumkin, H., The Evidence of Nature and the Nature of Evidence. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 44(2), pp. 196−197, 2013.
Global Urban Commons, Open Data from UN Habitat Global Urban Observatory: Table 4.2 Green Area per capita, CO2 per capita and Population exposure to air pollution PM 2.5, disponibil la http://globalurbancommons.org/research_item/open-data-from-un-habitat-global-urban-observatory/, f.a.
Guvernul României,Ordonanţa de urgenţă nr. 114 din 17 octombrie 2007 pentru modificarea şi completarea Ordonanţei de urgenţă a Guvernului nr. 195/2005 privind protecţia mediului. Monitorul Oficial nr. 713 din 22 octombrie 2007, 2007.
Iliescu, A.-F., Arhitectură peisageră. Editura Ceres, Bucureşti, 2006.
Institutul Naţional de Statistică (INS), Tempo online, baze de date statistice, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019.
Institutul Naţional de Statistică (INS), baze de date statistice, tempo-online. Disponibil la http://statistici.insse.ro: 8077/tempo-online/#/pages/tables/insse-table, f.a.
Kiani, A., Javadiyan, M. și Pasban, V., Evaluation of Urban Green Spaces and their Impact on Living Quality of Citizens (Case Study: Nehbandan City, Iran). Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism, 4, 49−95, 2014.
Konijnendijk, C. C. Annerstedt, M., Nielson, A. B. și Maruthaveeran, S., Benefits of urban parks: A systematic review. A report for International Federation of Parksand Recreation Administration. Copenhagen: IFPRA, 2013.
McMichael, A. J., The urban environment and health in a world of increasing globalization: issues for developing countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78(9), pp. 1117−1126, 2000.
Mensah, C. A., Andres, L., Perera, U. Şi Roji, A., Enhancing quality of life through the lens of greenspaces: A systematic review approach, International Journal of Wellbeing, 6(1), 142−163, 2016.
Parlamentul României, Legea 351/2001 privind aprobarea Planului de amenajare a teritoriului național – Secțiunea a IV-a Rețeaua de localități. Monitorul Oficial al României, Partea I, nr. 408 din 24 iulie 2001, 2001.
Parlamentul României, Legea Nr. 24 din 15 ianuarie 2007 privind reglementarea şi administrarea spaţiilor verzi din zonele urbane. Monitorul Oficial nr. 36 din 18 ianuarie 2007, 2007.
Parlamentul României, Legea nr. 24/2007 actualizată şi republicată. Legea privind reglementarea şi administrarea spaţiilor verzi din intravilanul localităţilor. Monitorul Oficial nr. 764 din 10.11.2009, disponibil online la https://legeaz.net/text-integral/legea-24-2007-actualizata-si-republicata-legea-spatiilor-verzi, 2009.
Parlamentul României, Legea nr. 47/2012 pentru modificarea şi completarea Legii nr. 24/2007 privind reglementarea şi administrarea spaţiilor verzi din intravilanul localităţilor. Monitorul Oficial Partea I, nr. 185 din 22 martie 2012, 2012.
Poelman, H., A walk to the park? Assessing access to green areas in Europe’s cities. DG REGIO Working Papers series, 1, 2018.
Radoslaw, T., Tanás, J. și Gluszak, M., The effect of urban greens paces on house prices in Warsaw. International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 22(5), pp. 358−371. DOI:10.3846/ijspm.2018.5220, 2018.
Saraev, V., Economic benefits of greenspace. A critical assessment of evidence of net economic benefits. Forestry Commission Research Report. Edinburgh, Scotland: Forestry Commission, 2012.
Sendi, R., Aalbers, M.B. şi Trigueiro, M., Public space in large housing estates, în R. Rowlands, S. Mustard şi R. van Kempen (eds.) Mass housing in Europe: Multiple faces of development, change and response, pp. 131−156. Basinstocke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
Sorensen, M., Smit, J., Barzetti, V. și Williams, J., Good Practices for Urban Greening. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank, 1997.
Száraz, L. R.,The Impact of Urban Green Spaces on Climate and Air Quality in Cities. Geographical Locality Studies, 2(1), pp. 326−354, 2014.
United Nations, Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, disponibil la https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/Transformingourworld, 2015.
United Nations, New Urban Agenda, Habitat III, Quito 17−20 October 2016, United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Development, 2017.
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision, Online Edition, 2018.
Van den Berg, E., Maas, J., Verheij, R. A., Groenewegen, P. P., Green space as a buffer between stressful life events and health. Social Science & Medicine, 70(8), pp. 1203−10. Ddisponibil la https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.01.002,2010.
Vries, S. de, Dillen, S. M. E. van, Groenewegen, P. P., & Spreeuwenberg, P., Streetscape greenery and health: stress, social cohesion and physical activity as mediators. Social Science & Medicine, 94, pp. 26−33, 2013.
World Health Organization – Regional Office for Europe, Urban green spaces: a brief for action, disponibil online la http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/environment-and-health/urban-health/publications/2017/urban-green-spaces-a-brief-for-action-2017, 2017.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2022 Romanian Academy Publishing House
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
